OSX Startup keys

Some useful startup keys for Mac:

  • C : Force boot from the CD-Rom drive
  • D : Force boot from the internal hard drive
  • Option : System picker show all bootable disks
  • Space Bar : Apple extension manager
  • Command-S : Boots Mac OS X into “Single User” mode
  • Command-V : Boots Mac OS X into “Verbose Mode”
  • Command-Option-P-R : Erases PRAM if held down immediately after startup tone
  • Command-Option-N-V : Erases NVRAM

More at MacOSX Things and OtherWorldComputing

ESXi IDE hack

Installing VMWare ESXi 3.5 on IDE drive

Full article is at: http://www.vm-help.com/esx/esx3i/ESXi_install_to_IDE_drive/ESXi_install_to_IDE_drive.php

The main point:

If you run fdisk -l, you should see your IDE drive listed.
2) After you have console access you will enter the command vi /usr/lib/vmware/installer/Core/TargetFilter.py (note that the path and filename are case-sensitive).
3) Scroll down in the document until you find the section “def IDEFilter(lun)”. You will be changing the text:

return interface.GetInterfaceType() == ScsiInterface.SCSI_IFACE_TYPE_IDE
to
return interface.GetInterfaceType() == ScsiInterface.SCSI_IFACE_TYPE_ISCSI

If you have not used vi before, move the cursor to the end of “TYPE_IDE” and the press the Insert key. The press backspace to delete IDE and type in ISCSI. Then press the ESC key, type in the command :wq and press Enter to save the file and exit.

4) You will now be back at the console. If you had stopped the installer at the screen show below, you can press ALT-F2 to return to the screen and press Enter to start the install, but it will still generate the error shown in the image above. You will need to press ALT-F1 and then type in install and press enter.
5) When you run the install command, it is important to note that the installer will switch you back to the ALT-F2 (DCUI) screen. Press ALT-F1 to return to the console again. You will see the below screen again with the prompt to press Enter to install. Do so and the install will proceed.

Make USB drive bootable

Many new systems lack cd/dvd drive. An external cd/dvd drive is not easy to carry around. In such cases, installing Ubuntu linux or VMware ESXi from a bootable USB may be the only choice. Once you have it on USB, its even easier than to carrying cd/dvd media. [toc]

BIOS support for USB boot

Most modern systems can boot off USB drives. The BIOS should properly recognize the USB drive and show it under boot options.

Some older systems can be tricky but they might boot off USB selecting “USB HDD” option.

Converting ISO image into bootable USB

Mount the ISO image and USB.
$ sudo mkdir /media/iso
$ sudo mount -o loop my-image.iso /media/iso

If the image is already on the cdrom, it is good too, just mount the cdrom.

Mount your USB drive. You’ll need a FAT32 partition on the usb. In this case it’s showing up as /dev/sdb1. It might be /dev/sdc1 or different letter in your case.

$ sudo mkdir /media/usb
$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/usb

Then copy the whole contents of the ISO image into the usb

$ sudo cp -r /media/iso/* /media/usb

Rename file isolinux.cfg to syslinux.cfg

$ mv /media/usb/isolinux.cfg /media/usb/syslinux.cfg

You might need to update the file as per your requirement. For VMWare ESXi 3.5, it worked without any update.

Make the USB bootable

Time to umount the image and usb drive.

$ sudo umount /media/iso
$ sudo umount /media/usb

Now, you’ll need syslinux package. If it’s not in your system, you’ll have to install it

$ sudo apt-get install syslinux
$ sudo syslinux -f /dev/sdb1

Try booting off the USB now. If it gives problem, you might need to fix the MBR

$ lilo -M /dev/sdb

Voila. You now have a bootable USB drive.

RoundCube

Playing with RoundCube, so far looking good. Open Source, Ajax, no frame, cool interface, nice layouts and pretty easy to install. Beginning to think about migrating from Squirrelmail to RoundCube.

Quagga vtysh fix

To fix the annoying “(END)” prompt while using quagga vtysh tool

Add the “VTYSH_PAGER=more” to /etc/environment file

as root:

#echo VTYSH_PAGER=more > /etc/environnement

Log off and log on to enable the environment setting.